Research in the Ramsey Lab is focused on the conceptual foundations of evolutionary theory, the study of human and non-human animal behavior, the moral emotions, and the automated text mining of scientific literature.
Conceptual foundations of evolutionary theory
Central questions in this project are: What is the nature of key concepts in evolutionary theory, like fitness, selection, and drift? How should we understand the causal structure of evolutionary theory?
Related publications:
- Eronen, M. I. and Ramsey, G. (in press) “What are the ‘levels’ in levels of selection?” The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science.
- Fábregas-Tejeda, A. and Ramsey, G. (2024) “Driftability and niche construction” Synthese 204: 162. DOI: 10.1007/s11229-024-04815-5
- DiFrisco, J. and Ramsey, G. (2023) “Adaptationism and trait individuation” Philosophy of Science 90(5): 1234-1243. DOI: 10.1017/psa.2023.28
- Ramsey, G. and Villegas, C. (2024) “Developmental Channeling and Evolutionary Dappling” Philosophy of Science 91(4): 869-886. DOI: 10.1017/psa.2024.5
- Aaby, B., Dani, G. and Ramsey, G. (2024) “Explanatory Gaps in Evolutionary Theory” Biology & Philosophy 39: 22. DOI: 10.1007/s10539-024-09957-x
- Meneganzin, A., Ramsey, G, and DiFrisco, J. (2024) “What is a Trait? Lessons from the Human Chin” Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution 343(2): 65-75. DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23249
- DiFrisco, J. and Ramsey, G. (2023) “Adaptationism and trait individuation” Philosophy of Science 90(5): 1234-1243. DOI: 10.1017/psa.2023.28
- Ramsey, G. and Aaby, B. (2022) “The proximate-ultimate distinction and the active role of the organism in evolution” Biology & Philosophy 37: 31. DOI: 10.1007/s10539-022-09863-0
- Aaby, B. and Ramsey, G. (2022) “Three kinds of niche construction” The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 73(2): 351-372. DOI: 10.1093/bjps/axz054
- Ramsey, G. (2016) “The causal structure of evolutionary theory” Australasian Journal of Philosophy 94: 421-434. DOI: 10.1080/00048402.2015.1111398
- Ramsey, G. and Pence, C. H. (2016) Chance in Evolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. For more information, visit the University of Chicago Press website or purchase it via Amazon
- Ramsey, G. and Pence, C. H. (2016) “Chance in evolution from Darwin to contemporary biology.” In: G. Ramsey and C.H. Pence (eds.) Chance in Evolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1-11.
- Pence, C. and Ramsey, G. (2015) “Is organismic fitness at the basis of evolutionary theory?” Philosophy of Science 82:1081–1091. DOI: 10.1086/683442
- Ramsey, G. and Pence, C. H. (2013) “Fitness: philosophical problems.” In: eLS. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DOI: 10.1002/9780470015902.a0003443.pub2
- Ramsey, G. (2013) “Can fitness differences be a cause of evolution?” Philosophy & Theory in Biology 5:e401. http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.6959004.0005.001.
- Pence, C.H. and Ramsey, G. (2013) “A new foundation for the propensity interpretation of fitness.” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 64(4): 851-881. DOI: 10.1093/bjps/axs037.
- Ramsey, G. (2013) “Organisms, traits, and population subdivisions: two arguments against the causal conception of fitness?” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 64: 589-608 DOI: 10.1093/bjps/axs010.
- Ramsey, G. (2013) “Driftability.” Synthese 190: 3909-3928. DOI: 10.1007/s11229-012-0232-6.
- Ramsey, G. and Peterson, A. (2012) “Sameness in biology.” Philosophy of Science 77: 255-275. DOI: 10.1086/664744.
- Brandon, R. and Ramsey, G. (2007) “What’s Wrong with the Emergentist Statistical Interpretation of Natural Selection and Random Drift?” In: D. Hull and M. Ruse (eds.) Cambridge Companion to the Philosophy of Biology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Ramsey, G. (2006) “Block fitness.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 37: 484-498. DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2006.06.009.
Behavior in humans and other animals
Central questions in this project are: How are concepts like culture, innovation, and altruism translated from the human realm to that of non-human animals? Are such concepts merely loose analogies, or are they capturing the same thing (same kind of process, or perhaps a homologous structure)?
Related publications:
- Ramsey, G. and Aaby, B. (expected 2026) Psychodiversity: Cognition and Sentience Beyond Humans Routledge.
- Ramsey, G. and De Block, A. (2017) “Is cultural fitness hopelessly confused?” British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 68: 305-328. DOI: 10.1093/bjps/axv047
- Ramsey, G. (2017) “What is animal culture?” In: K. Andrews and J. Beck (eds.) Routledge Companion to the Philosophy of Animal Minds. Routledge Press, 345-353.
- Ramsey, G. (2016) “Can altruism be unified?” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 56: 32-38. DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2015.10.007
- De Block, A. and Ramsey, G. (2016) “The organism-centered approach to cultural evolution.” Topoi 35: 283-290. DOI: 10.1007/s11245-014-9283-2
- De Block, A. and Ramsey, G. (2015) “The life of Culture” OUP Blog, http://blog.oup.com/2015/11/the-life-of-culture/
- Ramsey, G. (2013) “Culture in humans and other animals.” Biology and Philosophy 27: 457-479. DOI: 10.1007/s10539-012-9347-x.
- Ramsey, G. and Brandon, R. (2011) “Why reciprocal altruism is not a kind of group selection.” Biology and Philosophy 26: 385-400. DOI: 10.1007/s10539-011-9261-7.
- Ramsey, G. (2007) “The Fundamental Constraint on the evolution of culture.” Biology and Philosophy 22: 401-414. DOI: 10.1007/s10539-006-9038-6.
- Ramsey, G., Bastian, M. L., and van Schaik, C. (2007) “Animal innovation defined and operationalized.” Behavioral and Brain Sciences 30: 393-437. DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X07002373.
Death
Central questions in this project are: Why do cells and the organisms they compose die when and how they do? Can death be an adaptation? What does it mean for death to be programmed?
Related publications:
- Ramsey, G. and Durand, P. (expected 2025) Death and Taxa. Cambridge University Press.
- Durand, P. and Ramsey, G. (expected 2026) Evolution’s End: Life, Death, and the Mortality Constraint. Oxford University Press.
- Durand, P. and Ramsey, G. (forthcoming) “Conceptual Foundations of Cell Mortality” in J. M. Hardwick and P. Durand (eds.) The New Era of Microbial Cell Death Springer.
- Ramsey, G. and Durand, P. (2023) “Cell Fate: What’s Evolution Got to do With It?” Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine 96(4): 565-568. DOI: 10.59249/FBHI3484
- Durand, P. and Ramsey, G. (2023) “The concepts and origins of cell mortality” History and Philosophy of the Life Sciences 45:23. DOI: 10.1007/s40656-023-00581-8
- Ndhlovu, A., Durand, P., and Ramsey, G. (2021) “Programmed cell death as a black queen in microbial communities” Molecular Ecology 30: 1110-1119. DOI: 10.1111/mec.15757
- Durand, P. and Ramsey, G. (2019) “The nature of programmed cell death” Biological Theory 14: 30–41. DOI: 10.1007/s13752-018-0311-0
On the human
Central questions in this project are: What is human nature? Can human nature be a guide in ethical questions like that of human biomedical enhancement?
Related publications:
- Ramsey, G. (2023) Human Nature. Cambridge University Press. Free to download here.
- Desmond, H. and Ramsey, G. (2023) Human Success: Evolutionary Origins and Ethical Implications. Oxford University Press.
- Desmond, H. and Ramsey, G. (2023) “The Manifold Challenges to Understanding Human Success” in H. Desmond and G. Ramsey (eds.) Human Success: Evolutionary Origins and Ethical Implications, Oxford University Press.
- Ramsey, G. (2018) “Trait bin and triat cluster accounts of human nature” In: E. Hannon and T. Lewens (eds.) Why We Disagree about Human Nature. Oxford University Press. DOI:10.1093/oso/9780198823650.001.0001
- Ramsey, G. (2017) “What is human nature for?” In: A. Fuentes and A. Visala (ed.) Verbs, Bones and Brains: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Human Nature, Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press, 217-230.
- Ramsey, G. (2013) “Human nature in a post-essentialist world.” Philosophy of Science 80: 983-993. DOI: 10.1086/673902.
- Ramsey, G. (2012) “How human nature can inform human enhancement.” Philosophy and Technology 25: 479-483. DOI: 10.1007/s13347-012-0087-2.
The moral emotions
Central questions in this project are: What distinguishes the moral emotions from one another? Which taxa exhibit these emotions and what explains their origins?
Related publications:
- Ramsey, G. and Deem, M. (2022) “Empathy and the evolutionary emergence of guilt” Philosophy of Science 89(3): 434-453. DOI: 10.1017/psa.2021.36
- Deem, M. and Ramsey, G. (2016) “Guilt by association?” Philosophical Psychology 29(4): 570-585. DOI: 10.1080/09515089.2015.1126706
- Deem, M. and G. Ramsey (2016) “The Evolutionary Puzzle of Guilt: Individual or Group Selection?” Emotion Researcher, ISRE’s Sourcebook for Research on Emotion and Affect, Andrea Scarantino (ed.), http://emotionresearcher.com/the-evolutionary-puzzle-of-guilt-individual-or-group-selection/
Causal inference
Central questions in this project are: How can data be used to make causal inferences? How can historical data be leveraged to support causal inferences in the absence of randomized controlled trials?
Related publications:
- Climenhaga, N., DesAutels, L., and Ramsey, G. (2021) “Causal inference from noise” Noûs 55: 152–170. DOI: 10.1111/nous.12300
Computational Frontiers in History and Philosophy of Science
The central question in this project is: What insight can we gain about the nature and history of science by applying text analysis tools from the digital humanities to the scientific literature?
Website:
- The evoText website http://www.evotext.org/ is still in beta. Over the coming months, we plan to implement more analysis tools and add more journal articles. Click here to read an article about evoText. This work is supported by National Science Foundation Scholars Award #1456573
Related publications:
- Ramsey, G. and De Block, A. (2022) The Dynamics of Science: Computational Frontiers in History and Philosophy of Science. University of Pittsburgh Press.
- De Block, A. and Ramsey, G. (2022) “Tools, tests, and data: An overview of the new history and philosophy of science” in G. Ramsey and A. De Block (eds.) The Dynamics of Science: Computational Frontiers in History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh Press.
- Pence, C. and Ramsey, G. (2018) “How to do digital philosophy of science” Philosophy of Science 58: 930-941. DOI: 10.1086/699697
- Ramsey, G. and Pence, C. H. (2016) “evoText: A new tool for analyzing the biological sciences.” Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences 57: 83-87. DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsc.2016.04.003
The Evolution Working Group
While at Notre Dame, I ran an interdisciplinary working group that discussed and critiqued recent works on (or in some way related to) evolution. We occasionally published reviews of the books that we discussed.
Related publications:
- Hollocher, H., Pence, C. H., Ramsey, G., and Wirth, M. M. (2013) “A path to success? A Review of Evolution, Development, and the Predictable Genome by David L. Stern.” Evolution and Development 15(1): 80–82. DOI: 10.1111/ede.12016.
- Hollocher, H., Fuentes, A., Pence, C. H., Ramsey, G., Sportiello, D. J., and Wirth, M. M. (2011) “[Review of] On the Origin of Stories: Evolution, Cognition, and Fiction.” The Quarterly Review of Biology 86(2): 137-138. DOI: 10.1086/659913.
- Pence, C. H., Hollocher, H., Nichols, R., Ramsey, G., Siu, E., and Sportiello, D. J. (2011) “[Review of] Did Darwin Write the Origin Backwards? Philosophical Essays on Darwin’s Theory.” Philosophy of Science 78(4): 705-709. DOI: 10.1086/661775.
- Ramsey, G., Hollocher, H., Fuentes, A., Pence, C. H., and Siu, E. (2010) “[Review of] Darwinian Populations and Natural Selection.” The Quarterly Review of Biology 85(4): 499-500. DOI: 10.1086/656856.